The treatment of advanced prostatitis - both chronic and acute - is a complex undertaking that requires the parallel use of various medications.
For each individual case, the required medication list is drawn up individually, depending on the patient's medical history, the course of the disease and a number of other important factors.
Types of medications
The selection of inexpensive but effective drugs for prostatitis is based on an understanding of the causes of the disease and the features of its manifestation.However, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications should be considered key aspects of any medication list.In addition, if the latter may be of a general nature, it is advisable to prescribe antibiotic therapy that takes into account the defensive effect against a specific type of pathogen identified through tests.
In addition, drugs for prostatitis such as various types of antipyretics, painkillers, diuretics, alpha-blockers, antispasmodics, antiandrogens and laxatives can be used in therapy.
Modern drugs can be divided not only by their purpose, but also by the form of release:
- Injections (syringes):Treatment of inflammation of the prostate with injections is justified primarily when a patient's condition is severe and requires immediate stabilization.As a rule, concentrated drugs are diluted in ampoules to obtain a solution and then prescribed for intramuscular or intravenous infusion.
- Candles:Medicines in the form of suppositories are relevant in the routine treatment of chronic prostatitis or as medicines for the prevention of prostatitis.In some cases, suppositories are prescribed to increase potency, as the absorption of the substance through the intestinal mucosa ensures better penetration into the prostate tissue;
- Tablets and capsules:These dosage forms are the most common in the standard treatment regimen for chronic or acute prostatitis.Since tablets are easy to dose and convenient to take, most antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and decongestants (alpha-blockers or 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors) are manufactured in this form;
- Instillation:This is a treatment method rarely used for prostatitis, the essence of which is to inject a medical solution into the urethra or bladder using a special syringe.The main goal of instillations is to restore damaged mucous membranes, destroy pathogenic microflora and suppress inflammatory processes;
- Microenemas:Small cold enemas reduce local swelling, inflammation and pain in the prostate, but at the same time impair the transport of medication into the tissue.At the final stage of therapy and after recovery, microenemas can be carried out using solutions based on herbal preparations.If the liquid remains in the intestines for a sufficient period of time, the mucous membrane absorbs useful substances;
- Pavement:Like microenemas, skin patches are aids in the treatment of the prostate and rather have a supportive effect on the body and complement full-fledged drug therapy.
When choosing the dosage form of a drug, in addition to the patient's condition, his own preferences must also be taken into account.
Some patients have problems swallowing tablets, for others, rectal suppositories are contraindicated due to inflammatory diseases in the anorectal area.
Factors such as availability and cost of medications also play an important role - it is not always possible to find a fast-acting and inexpensive drug for prostatitis, which is why you have to resort to less effective analogues.
Antibiotics
The selection of antibiotics requires a selective approach, since it is important to choose a drug that suppresses a specific type (or types) of pathogens of inflammatory prostatitis.Why do doctors examine urethral swabs, urine tests and samples of prostate secretion?
It is extremely desirable to use antibacterial antibiotics that have both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, so that the drug not only blocks the spread of infections, but also actively destroys dangerous microorganisms.
Beta-lactam antibiotics such as aminoglycosides are less preferred, although they are inexpensive.In contrast to fluoroquinolones and macrolides, they are characterized by a weak ability to penetrate into the prostate tissue and create the necessary concentrations of the active ingredient there.
Fluoroquinolones are powerful bactericidal drugs that are significantly superior to bacteriostatic agents in this parameter.
Alpha blockers
This group of drugs is actively used not only for prostatitis, but also for prostate adenomas.Their effectiveness is based on blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors to prevent their contact with norepinephrine and adrenergic agonists.As a result, the receptors in the vessels do not receive vasoconstrictor nerve signals, thereby achieving their expansion with a subsequent improvement in blood circulation.
It should be noted that in urology, selective alpha1-adrenergic blockers are actively used, which act on receptors in the tissues of the bladder, prostate and urinary tract.
Reducing tissue swelling not only improves urodynamics, but also strengthens the entire male urogenital system, helping to eliminate impotence and reduced erections, among other things.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Prostatitis in men is treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs/NSAIDs), which meet the requirements for effectiveness but at the same time are safe for the body.
The purpose of these drugs is to suppress the inflammatory process affecting the prostate and possibly the seminal vesicles, bladder neck and distal urinary tract.
After a decrease in the clinical severity of prostatic inflammation, a normalization of the patient's condition is observed, including a decrease in body temperature, a reduction in prostate swelling, elimination of urinary tract obstruction, and suppression of pain in the anogenital region.
Hormonal medications
The use of hormonal drugs to treat prostatitis is allowed only with an advanced chronic course of the disease, in which antibiotics, alpha-blockers and anti-inflammatory drugs are unable to normalize the disrupted hormone levels.
Depending on the goals, the patient can be prescribed both androgens, which increase the level of male hormones (testosterone) in the blood, and estrogens, which suppress the production of dihydrotestosterone, which provokes the proliferation of prostate tissue.
All hormonal drugs are sold exclusively by prescription and should be used exclusively as directed by the attending physician, as incorrect or untimely dosage can have harmful effects on the patient's health.
Immunomodulators
The complicated course of acute prostatitis is aggravated by the development of immunosuppression, which can increase under the influence of a number of antibiotics and other drugs.For this reason, there is a need to strengthen the body's resistance to pathogenic microflora, which is done with the help of immunostimulants.
There are many different medications of this type.
Don't forget that vitamins A, C and E also help strengthen the immune system.Therefore, experts recommend actively consuming foods that contain these substances in large quantities.
Analgesics
Painkillers are usually needed in the early stages of therapy, when the treatment has not yet had time to functionally improve the condition of the prostate, which is why the patient feels pain when urinating, defecating, sitting for a long time on a hard surface or during physical activity.
Typically, moderately strong analgesics taken one to three times daily as prescribed are sufficient.
These products have many structural analogues (generics) and are produced by many companies, however, doctors do not recommend overpaying for the brand.
Muscle relaxants
From the class of muscle relaxants, it is customary in urology to prescribe antispasmodics - drugs that help relax smooth muscles that are in a spasmodic state.This therapy is effective for acute prostatitis, which causes involuntary spasms of the prostate muscles and the entire pelvic floor.
Regular use of antispasmodics is not necessary: it is enough to take them in moderate doses in the first days or weeks of general therapy.In addition, these drugs should not be abused to avoid the risk of dysfunction of the relevant organs and systems of the body.
Vegetables
The herbal medicines prescribed for prostatitis are usually dietary supplements available in the form of rectal suppositories, capsules or tablets.
Among the popular extracts that form the basis of such preparations are the bark of the African plum, the fruits of the creeping palm (or dwarf palm) and the herb of the creeping tribulus.Slightly less commonly, an extract from the prostate of animals (cattle) is used.
There is also a group of medicines such as homeopathic medicines for the treatment of prostate inflammation.
To prevent prostatitis
Preventing prostatitis requires, first of all, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular sexual activity.But to maintain tone, you can also use various medications - as a rule, these are dietary supplements of plant origin.
Since the manufacturers of these dietary supplements claim that they can help with weakened libido, impotence, erectile dysfunction and other diseases of the male genitourinary system, they should be taken with caution as a prophylaxis against prostatitis.
It is important to remember that many of these capsules and tablets are aphrodisiacs and are unsuitable in many situations.